![]() If an A is sharp, it will be 441 Hz or higher. Tuners work by detecting the frequency of the pitch (sound waves). The accuracy of a pitch is what musicians call intonation. It will let a musician know if the note they are playing is sharp (too high), flat (too low), or if it is in tune. ![]() Yamaha, Conn, King, Holton, and Weril all make various sizes and levels of tubas.A tuner is a device musicians use to detect pitch accuracy. Half size and 3/4-size tubas are available for children and beginners and often cost less. Most tubas cost a few thousand dollars, although student tubas can be found under $1,000. A four-valve tuba is predictably more versatile. Tubas can also vary in the number of valves, with most having 3 or 4. From lowest to highest, some examples are subcontrabass, contrabass, bass, and tenor. Like many other horns and woodwinds, the tuba comes in various sizes for pitch and key. There are also variations in size and design that allow for portability, such as travel or backpack tubas The sousaphone, named for famous composer and conductor John Phillip Sousa, is similarly designed, although in the shape of a circle rather than an oval. Helicons and marching tubas are designed to be rested on the shoulder, so are often used by musicians in marching and cavalry groups. Recording tubas have a bell (the large open end) that’s bent forward for easier microphone placement. A concert tuba is designed in an ovular spiral for placement in the player's lap while sitting. Tuba horns come in various shapes and types. The pipe gradually widens until ending at the bell. ![]() ![]() Approximately 18 feet of pipe circles the instrument, including the tuning slide and water key, eventually passing through the valves, which are connected to tubes of various lengths. On most contemporary tubas, the mouthpiece fits into the lead pipe. Jazz musician Michel Godard, Carol Jantsch of the Philadelphia Orchestra, and Thomas Leleu of the Opera de Marseille are notable contemporary tubists. Tubas are seen and heard in orchestras, marching and circus bands, and jazz ensembles. The largest and lowest of the brass family, the tuba was invented in the mid 1800s by Wilhelm Friedrich Wieprecht and Johann Gottfried Moritz in Prussia. ![]()
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